Books published by AIUT
are found in libraries according to the list of compulsory copies.
Second Edition of "Fizyka 3"
ISBN 978-83-926856-1-6
can be bought in Warsaw
in the Academic Bookstore
PW Publishing House
Noakowskiego street 18/20
and in Katowice
in the bookstore "Liber"
Bankowa street 11.
(area of Silesian University)
English edition of "Physics"
ISBN 978-83-926856-2-3
is also in libraries
and the distribution method should be asked wydawca@aiut.com.
Chapter 1. Equations
1.1. Symbols and notations used
To denote vector variables, we will use:
arrow above a letter
or bold letters
.
Dot product (scalar) will be written as:
and vector cross product
as:
.
We will use nabla (del) operator
as a vector
for divergence operation
and for curl operation
.
The values used in Maxwell’s equations are denoted as follows:
-
electric induction [C/m2]
-
density of electric charge [C/m3]
-
magnetic induction [Wb/m2]
-
density of magnetic charge [Wb/m3]
-
electric field strength [V/m]
-
magnetic current density [V/m2]
-
magnetic field strength [A/m]
-
electric current density [A/m2]
-
vacuum permittivity [F/m]
-
magnetic permeability of vacuum
[H/m]
- speed of light in vacuum
[m/s]
letter “ ” used in equations denotes imaginary variable
.
1.2. The most general form of Maxwell’s equations
We will deal with Maxwell’s equations in the form
proposed by Heaviside and Gibbs and complemented with magnetic monopole
and magnetic current. This is mathematically the most general form of theses equations.
The problem of magnetic monopole real existence is not relevant
mathematically concerning solutions of the equations.
Maxwell’s equations in most general form are presented
by following formulas:
|
, |
(1.1) |
, |
(1.2) |
,
| (1.3) |
, |
(1.4) |
,
| (1.5a) |
. |
(1.5b) |
The textbooks and publications which include introduction
to Maxwell’s equations should use the above, since they present the essence of described
phenomena in short and concise from. In addition, main equations (1.1-1.4) do not contain
any coefficients, thus make them quite easy to memorize.
If there is no need to use values of
and
we can use relation (1.5) in equation (1.4), therefore obtaining:
,
which can be further divided by
in addition using (1.5) in (1.1), we can derive Maxwell’s equations in a form shown below.
However, this form is not easy to memorize:
|
, |
(1.6) |
, |
(1.7) |
, |
(1.8) |
. |
(1.9) |
|